Types of Chillers

Chiller Types have been designed to cater to the diversified requirement of industrial chillers.Water chillers have evolved due to the variety in availability of type of energy at industry or small level.Types of chillers have made the use of the chillers flexible in terms of energy input.

Water chillers

Industrial research in the field of chiller has eased the selection of chillers in an economical and robust manner.There is no need of worry whatever type of energy you have available with you.

Each type of chiller targets the specific users classified on the basis of type of energy they have.

HVAC systems employ different types of chillers within the available resources of clients or users.

A chiller may be the best option for particular application while the same chiller may costly or less feasible for another application or plant.

Hvac water chillers are classified primarily on the basis of cycle on which they work.

• Vapor compression chillers or compression chillers or electric chillers
• Vapor absorption chillers or absorption chillers or ammonia chillers or lithium bromide chillers

HVAC chiller types

Vapor compression chillers are further classified on following basis.

• Type of compressor i.e reciprocating compressor,rotory compressor or screw compressor type vapor compressor chillers
• Type of condenser i.e air cooled condenser or air cooled chillers OR water cooled condensers or water cooled chillers

While Vapor absorption chillers are further classified as following:

• Direct fired absorption chillers (Natural gas, Diesel or Kerosene Oil Operated)
• Indirect fired absorption chillers

  
  

   
  

HVAC Applications of Valves

HVAC Valves are such components without which we cannot control flow in pipes .Valves are needed for every media whether it is water, gas, air or any other liquid. Valves would have been needed for solids if they could have ability to flow. Like other areas, valves find its extensive use in HVAC (heating, ventilation and air-conditioning).

With special focus on HVAC, following are the some major hvac application of valves.

• Water Chiller, the heart of HVAC system, has valves on inlet and outlet lines of chilled water and cooling water. These valves are usually gate and globe valves which are used for isolation and throttling purposes. Water chiller operates on vapor compression cycle or vapor absorption cycles which also require valves internally as a requirement of thermodynamics. For example Refrigerant expansion valve is needed inside a water chiller cycle. Chilled and cooling water headers also need valves for isolation and heating/cooling changeover.
• Similar to water chillers, HVAC hot water generator has also valves on its inlet and outlet for isolation and flow control purposes. If water chiller can also act as water heater then there is no need of hot water generator obviously.
• Chilled water pumps and cooling water pumps have also isolation and throttling valves on their inlets and outlets. When we talk about water pumps then there are also check valves at the outlet of pumps to prevent reverse flow.
• Cooling towers are another hvac equipments which require valves at inlet and outlet for flow control of cooling water. Sometimes a float valve is also in the basin of cooling tower to control the level of water in cooling streams. Valves would also be needed for make-up water lines in HVAC system and cooling towers.
• Air handling units (AHUs) also need valves at inlet and outlet to regulate chilled water as per demand of cooling in the spaces depending upon the type of HVAC control system. These air handling unit valves are also connected to some HVAC software to remotely operate them as per cooling/heating demand from HVAC users. Drain valves are also provisioned inside air handling units.
• If Fan Coil Units (FCUs) are installed in individual rooms then valves will also be installed at entry and exit of these units to have precise control of cooling /heating for occupants of that space.

HVAC System

HVAC system is basically an assembly of various types of equipments installed together to provide heating and cooling alongwith indoor climate control. HVAC systems involve mechanical, electrical and I & C components to provide comfort to the occupants of building/space or to preserve goods,products or items placed in space.

HVAC System,HVAC water chillers

HVAC cooling systems may be integrated with HVAC heating systems or these may be installed separately depending upon HVAC design  .HVAC system also serves on industrial scale to keep the machinery running by maintaining the temperature of space/hall/room where machines are installed.HVAC water chillers have become essential for any industry for its various needs.

HVAC System Basic Components

An HVAC System may include the following basic components or units.

• HVAC water chillers and heaters
• Hot water generator (if chiller does produce chilled water only) or furnace
• Chilled water pumps
• Cooling water pumps
• Electrical power supply control or Motor control center (MCC)
• Cooling towers
• Piping for chilled water and cooling water or condenser side water
• Valves for chilled water and cooling water sides
• Air handling units (AHUs) , heating coils and cooling Coils
• Ducts in ventilation system (supply ducts and return ducts)
• Fan Coil Units (FCUs) and thermostats
• HVAC Diffusers and grills
• HVAC controls (instrumentation & Control components)  installed at various locations
• HVAC software for building HVAC control or building management system (BMS)

An Assembly of all above components forms an HVAC system.

HVAC system working principle is explained as below.

In the background of HVAC system ,an HVAC water chiller produces chilled water which is then circulated throughout the building or space upto cooling coils in air handling units.Blowers move air on cooling coils which is then distributed into various portions of space or building for providing comfort or preserving goods/items as per HVAC design.Air is distributed through supply ducts and return air is collected in air handling units with the help of return ducts.Chilled water and cooling water pumps provide energy to keep the chilled and cooling water moving.

HVAC Valves are also installed at various points in piping to ease the maintenance of HVAC system or for the sake of system control.Heating of air may be done with the help of HVAC heat pump ,hot water generator or simply by furnace.Some industrial chillers also serve as heaters in winter season.Heating coils take the place of cooling coils in case of heating mode.

HVAC system cost may vary for different applications as heating and cooling space or environment  varies. Looking for cheap hvac systems may involve little research in types of HVAC systems and HVAC suppliers otherwise you would be lamenting over waste of millions of dollars for selecting wrong HVAC designer & contractor.

What is an HVAC ?

Acronym HVAC stands for heating ,ventilation and air conditioning. Sometimes Refrigeration "R " is also added and it becomes "HVACR".HVAC is basically climate control of confined space with respect to requirements of persons or goods in it.HVAC system is not only heating and cooling of air but also concerned with mainatining the indoor air quality (IAQ).Heating of air is done usually in winter and similarly cooling of air is done in summer season.

HVAC

HVAC system works on the principles of thermodynamics ,fluid mechanics and heat transfer.


All these fields come into play in various components of HVAC.IAQ Indoor air quality is the quality of air inside the building or structures as mostly related to health and safe keeping of its occupants or items/goods placed.IAQ is changed with inclusiion or contamination with gases  and uncontrolled mass & energy transfer.


HVAC systems are used for heating and cooling  & air condition in homes, building, industry, vehicles, aquariums and many more.With the passage of time application of HVAC are increasing and more research is in-progress in this field.HVAC business is also increasing at the same pace as field of application is broadening.